Category: Human Health


Scientists in Mississippi say they have discovered microscopic globules of hydrocarbons, i.e. petroleum, inside the outer shells of blue crab living along the Gulf coast. This discovery appears to show that oil has now entered the food chain. This process cannot be reversed, though measures may be taken to limit the spread of the oil deeper into the local and regional ecosystem.

According to Harlan Kirgan, of the Mississippi Press:

Oil droplets have been found beneath the shells of tiny post-larval blue crabs drifting into Mississippi coastal marshes from offshore waters.

The finding represents one of the first examples of how oil from the Deepwater Horizon spill is moving into the Gulf of Mexico’s food chain. The larval crabs are eaten by all kinds of fish, from speckled trout to whale sharks, as well as by shore birds.

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Clean, safe drinking water is scarce for over 3 billion people across the world. At least 1 billion literally never have access to clean, safe drinking water, putting them at constant risk of severe thirst-related ill health effects, infectious diseases or toxic contamination. Over 100 countries face either sporadic or chronic crisis-level problems related to clean water scarcity.

As the Innocentive project reports:

Yet, over half of the world’s population is at risk for water shortages, with far-reaching effects. Lack of adequate clean water has serious health implications, including the prevalence of water-borne diseases such as cholera, typhoid, hepatitis A and E, and diarrhea. Globally, diarrhea is the leading cause of illness and death and 88% of those deaths are due to inadequate sanitation and availability of clean water. Water shortages also foment civil unrest and often lead to violence and regional conflicts, as we have seen in Darfur, Somalia, Chad, Nigeria and Sri Lanka, among others. Lack of water perpetuates poverty, increases the risk of political instability, and affects global prosperity.

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Geneticist and biotech pioneer Craig Venter unveils the process of experimentation and research that allowed his team to create the “first synthetic cell”. The video includes not only information about how the genetic code was created first on a computer and includes “watermarks” such as the name of the new species’ official website, but also about how the team studied ethical issues relating to the project of creating synthetic life. The project took 15 years and was aimed at creating “error-free genetic code”.

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Proposals & Analysis on Generative Economics, at TheHotSpring.comWater resource depletion leads not only to chronic scarcity of clean, safe drinking water for increasing numbers of people, but means arable land is harder to cultivate and to maintain. Persistent drought and accelerated desertification (the expansion of deserts into the farmed and/or built environment) are results of water resource depletion.

But the most insidious and threatening long term effect is the erosion of the overall human food supply. With climate destabilization accelerating, arable land increasingly hard to come by, and grain harvests collapsing, the global food supply is under serious threat. Long term political stability, and the defensibility of political borders, is linked to a sustainable food supply.

As Lester Brown notes, in his report “Rethinking Food Production for a World of Eight Billion“:

Farmers are faced with shrinking supplies of irrigation water, a diminishing response to additional fertilizer use, rising temperatures from global warming, the loss of cropland to nonfarm uses, rising fuel costs, and a dwindling backlog of yield-raising technologies. At the same time, they also face fast-growing demand for farm products from the annual addition of 79 million people a year, the desire of some 3 billion people to consume more livestock products, and the millions of motorists turning to crop-based fuels to supplement tightening supplies of gasoline and diesel fuel. Farmers and agronomists are now being thoroughly challenged.

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CafeSentido.com :: Life expectancy in the United States is 78.11 years, 50th in the world, behind the Wallis and Futuna Islands and just ahead of Guadeloupe. Canada is 8th, at 81.23 years; France is 9th, at 80.98; Sweden is 10th, at 80.86. Despite Canada’s “socialized” healthcare system, the average Canadian can expect to live more than three years longer than the average American.

Life expectancy is often cited as one of the prime measures of the degree of “success” or achievement of a healthcare market. While certain elements in the US political sphere continue to rant about the disaster of government “intervention” in medical insurance, life expectancy seems to indicate that healthcare systems where coverage extends to all but government does not interfere with treatment decisions, enjoy a higher life expectancy.

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Medical Research Tax Credit Would Aid Reform Plans

CafeSentido.com :: One of the great complaints heard from groups opposing comprehensive health insurance reform, especially from quarters where the chief concern is to prevent a drop in private profit related to healthcare services, is that reform will strip away incentives to devote funding to medical research, in pathologies, treatments and technology. This is a point of philosophical dispute, but to make sure we enact reforms that will not curb research incentives, we should institute a new medical research tax credit.

The program would make all donations to medical scientific research tax deductible, or in some cases, eligible for rebates, designed to steer research into certain pressing areas of health treatment. This would incentivize investment into medical research, whether by for-profit firms or not-for-profit foundations or by individuals giving charitably. That incentive is important, because too many pseudo-theories about the economics of healthcare link the incentive to invest in medical R&D to the profit motive.

In fact, of the $28 billion in funding the NIH devoted to medical research in 2004, $13 billion went to medical schools and teaching hospitals and fully $8.5 billion went to universities, non-profit research foundations, other hospitals and research entities. Only $1.9 billion, or 8%, went to private for-profit firms. This is, in part, owing the fact that those firms have enormous reserves of cash they can devote to R&D, but it is also owing to the fact that the institutions receiving the bulk of the funding actually conduct the bulk of the research.

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DNA is an amazingly efficient memory bank for the design and scheduling of biological development. Cell DNA have their own replication systems, but human scientists who want to interfere with the content of the genome have been working to find ways to achieve artificial replication and synthesis of disparate properties, and now they may have achieved a landmark breakthrough.

The new process capitalizes on innovations in genome sequencing (reading DNA). Automated genome sequencing allowed for great leaps forward in the processing of daunting amounts of genetic code, and the eventual sequencing (mapping) of the entire human genome. Decoding the information contained in that map of human genetics was possible only because automation had allowed for a rational amount of time spent to sequence any particular strand.

Now, Harris Wang, a biophysicist from Harvard University, in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and George Church, have co-authored a study, published in this Sunday’s edition of the journal Nature, in which they explain how automated merging of biological DNA and synthetic re-ordered DNA can allow for an automated replication process in which the engineering of whole new genomes piggybacks on the already existing natural process of cell division.

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Researchers have stumbled upon a surprise possible treatment for swelling of nerves in the spinal cord. It turns out that FD&C blue dye No. 1 bears certain key similarities to a compound used to treat nerve inflammation. Since there is no active immediate treatment for spinal cord injuries, and secondary inflammation often leads to long-term damage, this treatment holds great promise. The one side-effect observed: the rats’ skin turned blue.

According to Wired:

In 2004, [neuroscientist Maiken Nedergaard of the University of Rochester Medical Center] and colleagues discovered that swelling around the cord is caused by the rapid release of ATP, the molecule that normally provides energy for the cell. Excessive amounts of ATP overstimulate nerve cells and cause them to die of metabolic stress. The researchers found that blocking an ATP receptor called P2X7 prevented much of the inflammation associated with spinal cord injury. But until now, they hadn’t identified a clinically useful drug that could block the receptor.

“We just had proof of principle,” Nedergaard said. “We didn’t have anything we could give to patients.” Then, while searching for chemicals with structures similar to the P2X7 receptor, the scientists came across FD&C blue dye No. 1, completely non-toxic and approved by the FDA in 1928.

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CafeSentido.com :: The influenza A/H1N1 virus, popularly known as “swine flu” was officially declared a pandemic in June. Shortly after the pandemic declaration, it was confirmed that H1N1 was confirmed in human patients in 74 countries. In the 5 weeks since then, it has spread rapidly and is now confirmed to have caused human infection in 140 countries.

In a CDC conference call, on 11 June 2009, officials reported:

Our U.S. situation, we are continuing to see ongoing transmission of this novel virus.  The virus has reached every state in the country.  Many of the states are seeing decreases in illness but there are a couple of areas where influenza-like illness is still above the baseline for this time of year.  Our case counts, we’ve been increasing them every week at this point … There are over 1,000 people who have been hospitalized that have been reported to us.

13,000 cases of infection had been reported at that time. As of 16 July, the CDC is reporting 37,246 cases of human infection and 211 confirmed H1N1-related deaths. With nearly three times the number of confirmed cases in the US now as when the pandemic was announced, officials continue to express concern the virus may be far more widespread than notable cases of illness would indicate.

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Honey is a surprisingly complex and mysterious substance, known to have antibacterial properties, but which continues to reveal new qualities apparently favorable to human health. Now, scientists in Australia have discovered that a specific type of honey, is highly effective at killing the multi-resistant “superbug” MRSA. The discovery could give medical science a way to combat the spread of multi-resistant bacterial strains.

There there is no apparent “intrinsic resistance” to the special properties of at least this one type of honey, means there might be a way to prevent the evolutionary “selection” process from generating honey-resistant bacteria, buying time to develop treatments that could eradicate the threat of MRSA infection. Stopping the spread of MRSA is of vital importance to the quality of medicine in general, as staph infections impede treatment and recovery. [Complete text...]

What methods and strategies can be developed for speeding MRSA-effective Manuka honey to production and distribution for clinical treatment? What similar discoveries hold promise for treating multi-resistant bacteria?

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